Jul 31, 2024 · A fake base station is a well-known security issue in mobile networking. The fake base station exploits the vulnerability in the broadcasting message announcing
Sep 7, 2023 · In response to these issues, Vodacom Mpumalanga has taken several measures to reinforce security and prevent theft and vandalism at base station sites. This includes installing
Feb 16, 2024 · Physical security is a major challenge that telecom network operators and tower companies face while managing their network of telecom sites. Cellular base stations and
Dec 16, 2020 · In recent years, with the rapid deployment of fifth-generation base stations, mobile communication signals are becoming more and more complex. How to identify and classify
Apr 4, 2025 · We design and build a base station certificate (certifying the base station''s public key and location) and a multi-factor authentication (making use of the certificate and the
Nov 7, 2023 · Abstract—False Base Station (FBS) attack has been a severe security problem for the cellular network since 2G era. During handover, the user equipment (UE) periodically
Aug 6, 2023 · False Base Station (FBS) attack has been a severe security problem for the cellular network since 2G era. During handover, the user equipment (UE) periodically receives state
In the world of radio communications, a radio base station plays a vital role in ensuring reliable and seamless communication across a wide area. Whether used in mobile networks,
Oct 14, 2022 · The construction of the 5G network in the communication system can potentially change future life and is one of the most cutting-edge engineering fields today. The 5G base
Feb 21, 2023 · The "Wireless Interference Detected" message occurs when the Base Station senses another wireless signal that could potentially drown out our sensors'' communication to
Aug 19, 2025 · Fake base stations (FBSes) pose a significant security threat by impersonating legitimate base stations (BSes). Though efforts have been made to defeat this threat, up to
May 16, 2024 · Base stations and cell towers are critical components of cellular communication systems, serving as the infrastructure that supports seamless
With over 7 million communication base stations globally powering our connected world, a critical question emerges: How secure are these critical nodes in our digital infrastructure? Recent
Apr 13, 2025 · This paper discusses the site optimization technology of mobile communication network, especially in the aspects of enhancing coverage and optimizing base station layout.
Jun 28, 2025 · The major problems faced in management of base station includes the stolen of costly equipment, temperatures variations, fuel level being unnoticed by the cell site security,
Mar 25, 2018 · 3.1 Introduction Security is a critical issue in mobile radio applications both for the users and providers of such systems. Although the same may be said of all communications
Sep 1, 2024 · Fake base stations comprise a critical security issue in mobile networking. A fake base station exploits vulnerabilities in the broadcast message announcing a base station''s
Feb 16, 2024 · Cellular base stations and other unmanned locations are vulnerable critical infrastructure components that require constant physical security monitoring. It is imperative
Feb 1, 2022 · The high-energy consumption and high construction density of 5G base stations have greatly increased the demand for backup energy storage batteries. To maximize overall
Jan 14, 2025 · 5G is the most secure wireless technology compared to previous network generations, making false base station attacks difficult. However, advanced false base station
Jul 31, 2024 · A fake base station is a well-known security issue in mobile networking. The fake base station exploits the vulnerability in the broadcasting message announcing the base
Jan 11, 2024 · Abstract. Fake base stations (FBSes) pose a significant security threat by impersonating legitimate base stations. Though efforts have been made to defeat this threat,
Jan 31, 2025 · Abstract Fake base stations (FBSes) pose a significant security threat by impersonating legitimate base stations (BSes). Though efforts have been made to defeat this
Apr 4, 2025 · We design and build a base station certificate (certifying the base station''s public key and location) and a multi-factor authentication (making use of the certificate and the
Jan 28, 2011 · 2 Base Station Background The intent of this section is to explore the role of base stations in communications systems, and to develop a reference model that can be used to
We also implemented and validated link routing to show that the user equipment can evade a fake base station attack after detection. In the implementation, we showed that our scheme reduces the fake base station availability threat impact from an infinite time duration (without our scheme defense) to only 2.93 s (with our scheme defense).
We varied the base station implementation to simulate legitimate vs. faulty but legitimate vs. fake and malicious base stations, where a faulty base station notifies the user of the connectivity disruption and releases the session, while a fake base station continues to hold the session.
Once the benign user equipment connects to the fake base station at the RRC layer, the adversary can launch a protocol downgrade from 5G/4G to 2G (i.e., bidding down) attack ; user equipment device identification attack ; SMS phishing attack [10, 11]; or an attack that drains the user equipment battery [9, 12].
An attacker exploits the cell selection/reselection process (selecting the highest signal power ) and cryptographically insecure (without integrity and authentication protection) broadcast system information messages in radio control communication to launch a fake base station attack in LTE [4, 5] and even in 5G-NR [6, 7].
For detection and blacklisting, our scheme uses the real-time information of both the time duration and the number of request transmissions, the features of which are directly impacted by the fake base station’s threat and which have not been studied in previous research.
Our blacklisting identification focuses on the attacker (fake base station) and not on accidental/unintentional failures (faulty base station). We therefore distinguish between fake and faulty but unintentional, the latter of which can be caused by the lack of connectivity services at the time of the user equipment access.
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